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गाल्ल दिक्चालन सूचीबढ़ाने मेंसं

श्रीलंकादक्षिणी प्रान्त, श्रीलंका


सिंहलतमिलअंग्रेजीश्रीलंकानारियलरबरचायइब्नबतूताबंदरगाहस्वेज नहरकोलंबोंमतारा










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गाल्ल




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गाल्ल के समुद्र के किनारे किलेबन्दी जिस पर घास उग आयी है।


गाल्ल (सिंहल: ගාල්ල; तमिल: காலி; अंग्रेजी: Galle) श्रीलंका के दक्षिण-पश्चिमी समुद्रतट पर अवस्थित एक नगर तथा पत्तन है। अपनी उत्कृष्ट स्थिति के कारण यह उन्नतिशील नगर है।


श्रीलंका के नगरों में इसका पाँचवाँ स्थान है। इसके समीप बगानी कृषिक्षेत्र है, अत: यहाँ के पत्तन से नारियल का तेल, जटाएँ, रेशे और उससे बनी रस्सियाँ, रबर, तथा चाय का निर्यात होता है। यद्यपि यह नगर प्राचीन प्रतीत होता है, तथापि १२६७ ई. से पहले इसका कोई ऐतिहासिक उल्लेख नहीं मिलता। १४वीं सदी के मध्य में अरब यात्री इब्नबतूता ने इसका उल्लेख 'काली' (Kali) नाम से किया है। वस्तुत: इसका समुन्नितकाल पुर्तगालियों के आगमन के पश्चात् प्रारंभ होता है। यह डचों द्वारा स्थापित बंदरगाह है। पोताश्रय (harbour) के किनारे प्राकृतिक हैं किंतु प्रवेशद्वार खुला तथा खतरनाक चट्टानों से युक्त है। यहाँ डचों ने एक किला भी बनवाया था। यह १९वीं सदी के पूर्वार्ध तक श्रीलंका का सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण पत्तन रहा। स्वेज नहर (१८६९ ई.) बनने तथा कोलंबों के विशाल कृत्रिम बंदरगाह के निर्माण के बाद इसका महत्व घट गया। यह उत्तर में कोलंबों से तथा दक्षिण-दक्षिण-पूर्व में मतारा से रेल तथा राजमार्ग द्वारा जुड़ा हुआ है। यह गाल्ल जनपद का प्रधान प्रशासनिक नगर भी है। इसे 'प्वांट डी गाल' (Point de Gall) भी कहते हैं।









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