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Rosa šelfa ledājs Atsauces | Navigācijas izvēlne81°30′0″S 175°0′0″W / 81.50000°S 175.00000°W / -81.50000; -175.0000081°30′0″S 175°0′0″W / 81.50000°S 175.00000°W / -81.50000; -175.00000Antarctic Hazards - British Antarctic SurveyWorldCat129093764sh20010047574308198-8

Rosa šelfa ledājsAntarktīdas ledājiŠelfa ledāji


angļušelfa ledājsAntarktīdāFrancijasViktorijasMērijas Bērdas ZemiTransantarktīdas kalnuRosa jūraJaunzēlandesRosa TeritorijāDžeimsa RosaAnglijasViktorijaijūraŠirases krastsSaipla krastsGūlda krastsRietumantarktīdasAmundsena krastsDufeka krastsŠekltona krastsHilarija krastsRūzvelta salaKrerija ledus salaledājiemBrīdmora glečersBērda glečersNimroda glečersLevereta glečersMakeiīla ledus straumeBindšadlera ledus straumeHorlika ledus straumeleduspaisumambēgumamaisbergiAisbergs B-15BeļģijasamerikāņuLitlamerikaRosa salāMakmerdoSkotaMakmerdo — Dienvidpola lielceļš










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Rosa šelfa ledājs




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Rosa šelfa ledājs


Ledāja fronte 1997. gadā
Ledāja fronte 1997. gadā



Rosa šelfa ledājs (Antarktīda)

Rosa šelfa ledājs

Rosa šelfa ledājs

Kontinents

Antarktīda

Izvietojums

Rosa jūra

Koordinātas

81°30′0″S 175°0′0″W / 81.50000°S 175.00000°W / -81.50000; -175.00000Koordinātas: 81°30′0″S 175°0′0″W / 81.50000°S 175.00000°W / -81.50000; -175.00000

Platība
487 000 km2

Garums
850 km

Platums
800 km

Biezums
150—700 m

Ātrums
0,8—1,5 km/a

Salas

Rūzvelta sala

Rosa šelfa ledājs Vikikrātuvē

Rosa šelfa ledājs (angļu: Ross Ice Shelf) ir lielākais šelfa ledājs Antarktīdā. Tā platība ir aptuveni 487 000 km² (nedaudz mazāka, kā Francijas platība),[1] garums dienvidu—ziemeļu virzienā ir ~850 km, rietumu—austrumu virzienā ~800 km. Vertikālā ledāja fronte stiepjas ~600 km garumā un paceļas 15-50 m augstumā virs jūras līmeņa. Ledājs ir vairākus simtus metru biezs, un ap 90% ledus masas atrodas zem ūdens līmeņa. Ledājs izvietojies starp Viktorijas un Mērijas Bērdas Zemi Transantarktīdas kalnu pakājē un to ziemeļos apskalo Rosa jūra. Gandrīz pilnībā ietilpst Jaunzēlandes pretenzijā Rosa Teritorijā.


Ledāju 1841. gada janvārī atklāja Džeimsa Rosa ekspedīcija. Tā kā ledājs bija par iemeslu, kādēļ ekspedīcijas dalībnieki nevarēja virzīties tālāk uz dienvidiem, Ross to nosauca par Viktorijas ledus barjeru par godu Anglijas karalienei Viktorijai. Vēlāk ledājs un to apskalojošā jūra tika nodēvēti pirmatklājēja vārdā.


Ledāja piekrasti apraksta vairāki dabas apgabali ar saviem nosaukumiem: Širases krasts, Saipla krasts un Gūlda krasts gar Rietumantarktīdas piekrasti un Amundsena krasts, Dufeka krasts, Šekltona krasts un Hilarija krasts gar Transantarktīdas kalnu grēdas pakāji. Ledājā ir vairākas tā saucamās "salas" - jūras reljefa paaugstinājumi, pāri kuriem plūstot ledājs veido pacēlumus virs apkārtējās virsmas. Lielākās ir Rūzvelta sala netālu no ledāja frontes un Krerija ledus sala ledāja dienviddaļā.


Rosa šelfa ledājs veidojas no okeānā noplūstošiem kontinentālajiem ledājiem, no Transantarktīdas kalniem rietumos (Brīdmora glečers, Bērda glečers, Nimroda glečers, Levereta glečers) un no Mērijas Bērdas Zemes austrumos (Makeiīla ledus straume, Bindšadlera ledus straume, Horlika ledus straume). Austrumu puses ledus straumes atnes vairāk ledus, tādēļ tā ir stabilāka un šelfa ledāja kustības ātrums ir ap 800 m gadā. Rietumu pusē ātrums ir ap 1500 m gadā (1,5—3 m dienā). Ledāja biezums variējas no 150-200 m jūras pusē līdz pat 700 m pie tā sākuma. Ledājs ir peldošs, un tas paceļas un nolaižas līdzi paisumam un bēgumam. Dažādu iemeslu rezultātā no ledāja atdalās aisbergi, lielākais no tiem (Aisbergs B-15 31 000 km² platībā (Beļģijas izmērā) tika reģistrēts 2000. gada martā.


No 1929. līdz 1959. gadam ledāja austrumos darbojās amerikāņu polārstacija Litlamerika. Pašlaik ar ledāja pētniecību nodarbojas Rosa salā izvietotās polārstacijas Makmerdo un Skota. Ledāju ziemeļrietumu — dienvidaustrumu virzienā šķērso Makmerdo — Dienvidpola lielceļš.



Atsauces |




  1. ↑ Antarctic Hazards - British Antarctic Survey




Autoritatīvā vadība

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  • LCCN: sh2001004757

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