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梅花鹿 目录 分佈地區 生物特徵 圖集 註釋 外部連結 导航菜单梅花鹿分類梅花鹿鹿茸 Lurong梅花鹿 Mei Hua Lu4287477-401202685

IUCN无危物种鹿屬中国国家一级保护动物


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梅花鹿




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梅花鹿

Cervus nippon dybowski Solo.jpg


保护状况


Status iucn3.1 LC zh.svg
无危(IUCN 3.1)


科學分類















界:

动物界 Animalia

門:

脊索动物门 Chordata

綱:

哺乳纲 Mammalia

目:

偶蹄目 Artiodactyla

科:

鹿科 Cervidae

屬:

鹿属 Cervus

種:

梅花鹿 C. nippon


二名法

Cervus nippon
Temminck, 1838

亞種

C. n. dybowskii (=C. n. hortulorum?)

山西亞種 C. n. grassianus

東北亞種 C. n. hortulorum

華南亞種 C. n. kopschi

華北亞種 C. n. mandarinus
台灣亞種 C. n. taioanus

琉球亞種 C. n. keramae

指名亞種 C. n. nippon

北海道亞種 C. n. yesoensis


梅花鹿Cervus nippon)是鹿科的动物。




目录





  • 1 分佈地區


  • 2 生物特徵


  • 3 圖集


  • 4 註釋


  • 5 外部連結




分佈地區


分佈於東亞。範圍從西伯利亞到韓國、中國東部從吉林到台灣(如高雄市田寮區鹿埔里)[1]、和越南;在日本等西太平洋島嶼也有分佈。而日本的梅花鹿主要分佈於北海道,19世紀曾經被獵到幾乎絕種。20世紀中開始立法保護,族群在1950年代到1980年代快速恢復。由於缺乏天敵(狼,在日本已滅絕),狩獵被鼓勵來控制族群,限制鹿群對農業的傷害。梅花鹿也被引進到澳大利亞、歐洲和美國。原先的目的是作為公園裝飾用的動物,但現在許多變成野生。



生物特徵


梅花鹿体长约1.5米。毛色夏季为栗红色,有许多白斑,状似梅花;冬季为烟褐色,白斑不显著。颈部有鬣毛。雄性第二年起生角,每年增加一叉,五岁后分四叉止。


目前在东北辽宁,吉林等地已经出现大批量养殖梅花鹿以供药用,其中全世界百分之九十以上的梅花鹿在吉林省长春市双阳区的梅花鹿养殖基地内。


聽覺及嗅覺發達,喜愛群居,擅長奔跑。歲半至兩歲半成熟。每年9-11月交配,5-7月產子,每胎有一隻或兩隻小鹿。



圖集




註釋




  1. ^ 東森新聞記者涂宥丞 /高雄報導,"另類旱災!芒果、香蕉全被吃光 小偷竟是「鹿群」"[1],ETtoday 新聞雲,2015年03月23日16:30.



外部連結







  • 鹿茸 Lurong 中藥材圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院)


  • 梅花鹿 Mei Hua Lu 中藥標本數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) (繁体中文)(英文)




取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=梅花鹿&oldid=53514776”










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