What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia? [on hold] The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are In Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)Chemically removing rust without leaving any unwanted residuesAre there any safety guidelines for mixing sulfate with chloride?Propose a chemical formula for the white solid that forms during the initial stages of the reaction of Sn with benzyl chlorideDetermining the mass of sodium sulfate that forms when reacting sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxideWhat reactions does this steel cold-bluing solution undergo?What exactly is the use of photographic films in cameras? How are the pictures generated?Is it possible create crystalline solvate of electrons?What are the factors that affect the redox reactions?Citric acid rust removal and neutralizationwhat happened after the addition of NaOH into iron(III) chloride with sodium fluoride
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What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia? [on hold]
The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are In
Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)Chemically removing rust without leaving any unwanted residuesAre there any safety guidelines for mixing sulfate with chloride?Propose a chemical formula for the white solid that forms during the initial stages of the reaction of Sn with benzyl chlorideDetermining the mass of sodium sulfate that forms when reacting sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxideWhat reactions does this steel cold-bluing solution undergo?What exactly is the use of photographic films in cameras? How are the pictures generated?Is it possible create crystalline solvate of electrons?What are the factors that affect the redox reactions?Citric acid rust removal and neutralizationwhat happened after the addition of NaOH into iron(III) chloride with sodium fluoride
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne Apr 9 at 19:57
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne Apr 9 at 19:57
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
$endgroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
- What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
- What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
- What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
inorganic-chemistry metallurgy
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
edited Apr 8 at 11:50
Gaurang Tandon
5,34362764
5,34362764
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
asked Apr 7 at 18:25
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1163
1163
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
New contributor
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
Robert Werner is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne Apr 9 at 19:57
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
put on hold as too broad by Todd Minehardt, user55119, Tyberius, Karsten Theis, Mathew Mahindaratne Apr 9 at 19:57
Please edit the question to limit it to a specific problem with enough detail to identify an adequate answer. Avoid asking multiple distinct questions at once. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33
add a comment |
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
$endgroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
edited Apr 7 at 21:39
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
answered Apr 7 at 20:49
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
74018
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
add a comment |
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
1
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 21:38
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
$begingroup$
No guesses regarding what the chemical composition of the white layer might be?
$endgroup$
– Night Writer
Apr 8 at 10:43
add a comment |
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
Apr 7 at 19:15
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
Apr 7 at 20:33